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Training:

Relevant data for this tutorial:

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• Create the material in the Materials editor and assign it to the Design Space

• Assuming the part should be printed with a Manufacturing Method like FFF, a Transversely Isotropic material is applied. The z-axis of the PCS is always the build direction ( * ) and differs from the two in-plane directions y and x. The values for the materials have to be entered accordingly. For the input the main axis (1-2-3) are used which are equal to (z-y-x).

• The specific values needed are the Young's Modulus in build direction (E1) (1700 MPa) and in in-plane direction (E2) (1900 MPa), the Shear Modulus (G12) (730 MPa) and the Poisson ratio (0.3) for xy (NU23) and (0.39) for yz (NU12). The density is set to 0.9e-6 kg/mm³.

• As the last input the material limits should be entered. Which of these are required depends on the optimisation intention and the chosen Failure Criterion. In this case we want to take advantage of the directional dependent material limits as well as different limits for tension and compression (directional dependent Tsai-Wu).

  • These values are optional, if a different Failure Criterion is selected, less material input is required

* The Build Direction will be adjusted later (Step 6)

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One direct load is created (Force - Moment 1) on the shown surface with the given value in the table.

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One Constraint on the mounting holes inner surface is created:

Therefore, the Loads & Boundary Condition Tool is needed.

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• Inside the Post Processing the Failure Criteria, the displacements, the optimisation achievement index and the volume/mass are visible for all iterations

• The Scale can be influenced individually

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• Mass: 4540.6 9 g – This is a weight saving of 15 14 % compared to the default calculation with isotropic material and von Mises Stress as a Failure Criterion by taking advantage of the different directional dependent material limits!

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• Mass: 42.2 g – This is a weight saving of 21 11 % compared to the default calculation with isotropic material and von Mises Stress as a Failure Criterion by taking advantage of the different tension and compression strength besides the directional dependent material limits!

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The stiffness of the material is in all directions uniformly. As the Failure Criterion the FFF Thumb Rule is calculated. With the FFF Thumb Rule the maximum allowable Stress (Stress Goal) in build direction can be scaled. This is especially useful for a Manufacturing Method like FFF. The result is shown in the following picture with the same optimisation set up except the material properties and Failure Criterion.

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• Mass: 4742.5 4 g – This is a 12 11 % weight saving compared with the von Mises Stress Failure Criterion by taking advantage of the higher allowable stress for the in-plane directions!

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The stiffness of the material is in all directions uniformly. As the Failure Criterion the von Mises Stress is calculated. The result is shown in the following picture with the same optimisation set up except the material properties and Failure Criterion.

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• Mass: 5347.7 g – This is a weight increase of 21 11 % compared with the transversely isotropic material by taking advantage of higher allowable stresses for the in-plane directions and compression (Directional dependent Tsai-Wu Failure Criterion)!

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The whole MSC Apex Generative Design projects with all results for the different anisotropic behaviour settings can be downloaded here:

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